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Monkeypox: Things you need to Know (Part 2)

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Ayodele Olubuse

Currently, there are no licensed antiviral drugs for the treatment of monkeypox. Several agent are promising as antiviral therapeutics against the viruses from the genus Orthopoxvirus – and among them monkeypox as well. By inhibiting viral DNA polymerase, cidofovir shows antiviral activity against a myriad of viruses, although it has not been used to manage orthopoxvirus infection in humans.

There is insufficient data to assess whether severe monkeypox infection could benefit from the treatment with immune globulin. That kind of treatment may be considered as a prophylactic in exposed individuals with severe immunodeficiency of T-cell function where smallpox vaccination is contraindicated.

Vaccination with vaccinia virus (i.e. the smallpox vaccine) results in a significant amount of protection against infection with monkey pox. Still, the vaccine is currently not used in monkeypox-endemic areas due to the concerns about severe adverse events in an immunocompromised population. Furthermore, the eradication of monkeypox is not feasible because of the existence of an animal reservoir.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends pre-exposure vaccination for individuals investigating animal or human monkeypox cases, people with the direct contact with animals that could carry the pathogen, health care workers taking care of the patients with monkeypox and laboratory workers who handle specimens that may contain this virus.

Close contact with patients during the disease outbreak represents the most significant risk factor for monkeypox virus infection. As specific treatment and vaccine are lacking, raising awareness about the risk factors and proper education about preventive measures are the only efficient ways to reduce the burden of this disease.

Culled From Medical Life Sciences

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